HTML之JavaScript DOM编程获取元素的方式
html"> 1.获得document DOM树
window.document(是window的属性)
2.从document中获取要操作的元素
1.直接获取
var aaa = document.getElementById("username") // 根据元素的id值获取页面上的唯一一个元素,有同名的则返回找到的第一个
var bbb = document.getElementsByTagName("input")
var ccc = document.getElementsByName("aaa")
var ddd = document.getElementsByClassName("a")
2.间接获取
var cs = div01.children // 获取全部子元素
var firstc = div01.firstElementChild// 通过父元素获取第一个子元素
var lastc = div01.lastElementChild // 通过父元素获取最后一个子元素
var parentE = mmm.parentElement // 通过子元素获取父元素
var brotherPe = nnn.previousElementSibling // 获取前面的第一个元素
var brotherNe = nnn.nextElementSibling // 获取后面的第一个元素
html"><!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>小标题</title>
<script>html" title=javascript>javascript">
function fun1() {
var aaa = document.getElementById("username")
console.log(aaa)
}
function fun2() {
var bbb = document.getElementsByTagName("input")
for (i = 0; i < bbb.length; i++) {
console.log(bbb[i])
}
}
function fun3() {
var ccc = document.getElementsByName("aaa")
for (i = 0; i < ccc.length; i++) {
console.log(ccc[i])
}
}
function fun4() {
var ddd = document.getElementsByClassName("a")
for (i = 0; i < ddd.length; i++) {
console.log(ddd[i])
}
}
function fun5() {
var div01 = document.getElementById("div01")
var cs = div01.children
for (i = 0; i < cs.length; i++) {
console.log(cs[i])
}
console.log(div01.firstElementChild)
console.log(div01.lastElementChild)
}
function fun6() {
var mmm = document.getElementById("username")
console.log(mmm.parentElement)
}
function fun7() {
var nnn = document.getElementById("username")
console.log(nnn.previousElementSibling)
console.log(nnn.nextElementSibling)
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div01">
<input type="text" class="a" id="username" name="aaa" />
<input type="text" class="b" id="password" name="aaa" />
<input type="text" class="a" id="email" />
<input type="text" class="b" id="address" />
</div>
<input type="text" />
<hr>
<input type="button" value="根据id获得指定元素" onclick="html" title=javascript>javascript language-html" title=javascript>javascript">fun1()" id="btn01" />
<input type="button" value="根据标签名获得多个元素" onclick="html" title=javascript>javascript language-html" title=javascript>javascript">fun2()" id="btn02" />
<input type="button" value="根据name属性值获取多个元素" onclick="html" title=javascript>javascript language-html" title=javascript>javascript">fun3()" id="btn03" />
<input type="button" value="根据class属性获取多个值" onclick="html" title=javascript>javascript language-html" title=javascript>javascript">fun4()" id="btn04" />
<hr>
<input type="button" value="通过父元素获取子元素" onclick="html" title=javascript>javascript language-html" title=javascript>javascript">fun5()" id="btn05" />
<input type="button" value="通过子元素获取父元素" onclick="html" title=javascript>javascript language-html" title=javascript>javascript">fun6()" id="btn06" />
<input type="button" value="通过当前元素获取前面的兄弟元素" onclick="html" title=javascript>javascript language-html" title=javascript>javascript">fun7()" id="btn07" />
<input type="button" value="通过当前元素获取后面的兄弟元素" onclick="html" title=javascript>javascript language-html" title=javascript>javascript">fun8()" id="btn08" />
</body>
</html>